Desplazamiento forzado interno y retorno en el contextode la «guerra contra las drogas» en México

The study analyzes the relationship between internal forced displacement (IFD) and return processes in the context of the “war on drugs” in Mexico, focusing on the cases of two communities in Zacatecas (El Durazno and Juanchorrey) between 2020 and 2023. Through in-depth interviews, observation, and a review of press reports and official documents, a comparative analysis was conducted. The findings reveal that internal displacement is shaped by accumulated, instructive violence that extends beyond the initial flight, leaving marks that influence different forms of return for each community, depending on the economic dependence on the territory and its external support networks. The study has limited generalizability, as it is confined to a subregion of Zacatecas. It concludes that return is part of the continuum of violence associated with displacement and that state intervention, geared toward military control rather than reparations, creates an unstable equilibrium for these communities.