¿La IED de China en México es realmente una amenaza para Estados Unidos? Análisis de la industria automotriz

This article analyzes Chinese foreign direct investment (FDI) in Mexico’s automotive industry and its implications for the U.S. economy. Its main objective is to identify the number of Chinese plants established in Mexico and to characterize them in economic, productive, and labor terms. The methodology comprised three phases: (1) collection and analysis of databases from the ALC-China Network; (2) construction of a dataset with information on 50 Chinese-owned automotive companies; and (3) review of the corresponding collective bargaining agreements. These data and their analysis are original and provide empirical evidence that contrasts with politically driven perceptions. The results show that the presence of Chinese capital in Mexico remains limited and does not represent a threat to the United States. Rather, it reflects a long-term, diversified strategy within a broader process of global hegemonic competition, in which Mexico occupies a strategic position as a space of convergence and tension.