Hybrid Digital Publishing: Integrating Blockchain, Big Data, and Open Data in Scientific Publishing

The digital transformation of scientific publishing is rapidly evolving through the integration of blockchain technology, big data analytics, and open data initiatives. This paper investigates the economic, social, and cultural implications of combining these three models into a hybrid digital publishing ecosystem. By analyzing open-access sources and preprints from 2023-2025, we explore transparency in peer review, ethical authorship validation, data-driven decision-making, and enhanced accessibility. The research proposes a unified framework and evaluates potential challenges, opportunities, and future scenarios.