Growth Effects of Capital Formation and Imports in the United States, 1975–2024

This study analyzes the dynamics of annual indicators of the US economy for 1975–2024. The study used indicators of GDP growth, capital formation and annual growth of imports. The aim is to identify the interactions between these indicators, assess the rhythm of economic cycles and the impact of shocks. Visual analysis and regression models show that capital formation and imports have a positive effect on GDP growth, with the effect of capital being stronger than that of imports. The F-statistic and R-squared values of the model confirm the fit, and the p-test results indicate the significance of both independent variables. Normal distribution of residuals and multicollinearity tests support the validity of the model. The results provide useful signals for economic policy and forecasting, revealing the important role of investment and foreign trade in economic growth.