A meta-analysis of serum uric acid and diabetic nephropathy risk in type 2 diabetes

Objective To explore the correlation between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and the risk of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to evaluate the potential clinical implications of uric acid-lowering interventions. Methods Relevant studies on the relationship between serum uric acid levels and the risk of DKD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were collected by systematically searching databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool, and Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. The primary outcome indicators included the incidence of DKD, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the relationship between serum uric acid levels and the risk of DKD. Results After retrieval and screening, 8 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (with a sample size of 491) were included in the Meta-analysis. The results showed that the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in the hyperuricemia group was lower than that in the normal group (MD = 4.40, 95% CI [0.66, 8.14], P = 0.02), with low heterogeneity; the risk of DKD was significantly increased (OR = 1.85, 95% CI [1.52, 2.26], P