Phase angle as an early-warning indicator of glycaemic control in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study

Background: For patients with poor glycemic control of adult type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), in addition to managing blood glucose levels, it is worth exploring further as an early warning indicator of blood glucose control. Methods: 56 adults with T1DM, aged between 18 and 70 years, were included in the study. Data on body composition and laboratory indicators, including phase angle values and HbA1c levels, were collected. Statistical analysis was conducted to determine the correlation and the strength of association between the phase angle, and HbA1c levels. Results: Pearson's correlation and linear regression models indicated a negative correlation between phase angle and HbA1c levels, even after controlling for age and weight in both males and females. Conclusion: The results indicate a significant negative relationship between Phase angle and HbA1c levels. Beyond being a simple body composition parameter, Phase angle can be used as a clinical indicator of improved blood glucose control.