The interplay between epidermal cells and the cutaneous sensory nervous: a systematic review

The skin is the largest sensory organ in the human body. It has a neural structure that's very complex and diverse. A neural network spreads through the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissues. This network generates an exceedingly complex structure. It shows the deep functional links between the cutaneous system and the nervous system. This review systematically delineates the distribution patterns of cutaneous sensory nerves, elaborates on their distinct functional properties, and explores in depth the bidirectional regulatory crosstalk between epidermal cells and the sensory nervous system. Direct communication between these cells and nerves is not the only focus. The review expands on the potential mechanisms underlying these interactions, including chemical signal transmission and the regulation of immune responses. The review further addresses the role of sensory nerves in dermatological pathology, encompassing their functions in processes like chronic inflammation, pain perception, wound healing, pigmentation, and other related ones.