Strength optimization and assembly technology of key parts of reducer based on parametric design

Introduction With the development of high efficiency in the machinery industry, the importance of reducers as key transmission components has become increasingly prominent. Methods This study proposes a strength optimization and assembly technology improvement plan for key parts of the reducer based on parametric design. Results The outcomes revealed that compared with the unmodified control group, the transmission error of experimental group B (moderate modification) was 25.8%–32.4% lower than that of the control group under the working condition of 1500r/min+150N·m, and the noise fluctuation range was only 0.1 dB. In the 800 h continuous operation experiment, the contact stress under the 500r/min and 1000r/min operating conditions was reduced by 3.6% and 4.8% respectively compared with the control group. In the 1050 h environmental adaptability test, the meshing stiffness drop of the optimized design was 2%–5% lower than that of the traditional design, and the increase in transmission error was significantly smaller. Discussion Compared with existing research, the parametric design method proposed in this study achieves part strength balance through parameter sensitivity and coupling weight analysis, combined with tooth profile modification and natural frequency adjustment. It not only optimizes part performance, but also has significant advantages in noise reduction, deformation control, and design efficiency.