Research on differences in scalp aging characteristics and visual attention between genders in the Chinese population

Objective This study aimed to explore the differences in characteristics of scalp aging and visual attention across genders in a Chinese population. Methods This study recruited 79 Han Chinese participants aged 31–47 years from Shanghai, China. Using a combination of non-invasive instrumental measurements, eye-tracking technology, and subjective questionnaires, we analyzed scalp aging manifestations through three physiological dimensions—barrier function, microecology, and scalp skin color—while examining visual attention patterns toward scalp aging features through eye-tracking and assessing subjective cognitive and emotional responses via questionnaires. Results The results revealed no significant gender differences in scalp barrier function. Instrumental measurements showed no notable differences in stratum corneum moisture content or transepidermal water loss (TEWL) between genders, and subjective evaluations of moisture, glossiness, greasiness, and tightness also showed no significant variations. However, significant gender differences were observed in scalp microecology: women exhibited higher dandruff area proportion and pH, along with more severe subjective concerns regarding hair loss. In terms of scalp skin color, men had higher a * values, though no significant gender difference was reported in subjective perceptions of scalp redness. Regarding visual attention, eye-tracking data indicated distinct gender-based patterns: women focused more persistently on dandruff and hair loss, allocating greater cognitive resources to these features, whereas men exhibited more concentrated and frequent attention to gray hair and oily scalp. Subjectively, the majority of participants believed that scalp aging negatively impacts personal attractiveness and reported high levels of concern. Conclusion This study revealed significant gender-based differences in physiological characteristics and visual attention patterns associated with scalp aging in the Han Chinese population in Shanghai, China. These findings provide a scientific basis for understanding scalp aging and for developing related products.