Investigation of trends, hot spots and effective therapies for pregnancy outcomes in polycystic ovary syndrome: a bibliometric analysis

Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is among the most prevalent endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age and may significantly impact pregnancy outcomes. However, no comprehensive bibliometric analysis has synthesized research findings in this field. Objective: This study aims to identify trends and key research areas in PCOS and pregnancy outcomes and to summarize effective treatment strategies for PCOS-related infertility. Method: Literature was retrieved and collated from the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) and PubMed databases up to 10 May 2025. Bibliometric analysis was conducted using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and R software. Result: = 52, 12.7%) were the leading contributors. Shanghai Jiao Tong University had the greatest output, while the University of Adelaide was the most cited institution. Vanky, Eszter was the most prolific author, and Legro, Richard S. was the most cited. Frontiers in Endocrinology was the leading core journal. Insulin resistance and metformin were identified as current research hotspots, while neonatal outcomes, metabolic syndrome, and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome represent emerging frontiers. Conclusion: This first bibliometric analysis of PCOS and pregnancy outcomes provides a comprehensive overview of the research landscape. Future research should focus on insulin resistance mechanisms, metabolic syndrome management, and the optimization of assisted reproductive technologies including frozen embryo transfer, letrozole combination therapies, and traditional Chinese medicine approaches.