Modulating iron metabolism and gut microbiota: the therapeutic potential of Chia Seed Oil in obesity-related diabetes

Introduction: Obesity-related diabetes is a significant global health concern, underscored by perturbations in iron metabolism and gut microbiota composition. This study investigates the mechanistic role of Chia Seed Oil (CSO), rich in omega-3 fatty acids, in suppressing iron metabolism pathologies and promoting gut microbiota alterations to mitigate obesity-related diabetes. Methods: Using a high-fat diet-induced obesity model in male C57BL/6J mice, we aimed to explore the effects of CSO supplementation on metabolic outcomes, iron status, and gut microbiota diversity. Results: Our findings suggest that CSO effectively regulates iron metabolism, evidenced by altered serum ferritin levels, hepcidin, and transferrin saturation, while promoting a diverse gut microbiota profile. Discussion: The study elucidates the potential of CSO as a therapeutic agent in managing obesity-associated metabolic disorders by restoring iron homeostasis and fostering gut health. These results highlight the interconnectedness of dietary fat, iron metabolism, and microbiome dynamics in the pathophysiology of obesity-related diabetes, suggesting a multifaceted approach to treatment strategies.