A nomogram model to predict cognitive impairment in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage

Purpose Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) is highly prevalent and severely impacts patients’ long-term quality of life. However, accurate prediction tools that integrate acute-phase complications with sociodemographic characteristics are currently lacking. This study aimed to identify independent risk factors for PSCI in sICH patients and to construct a visual nomogram prediction model to guide clinical risk stratification prior to hospital discharge. Methods We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from 264 sICH patients admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University between July 2023 and July 2025. Patients were classified into cognitive impairment and cognitively normal groups based on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score (