Association between diet intake and trace elements concentrations in couples undergoing in vitro fertilization: a couple-based exploration

Objective: This study aimed to provide guidance for couples in dietary adjustments to optimize trace element concentrations for improved fertility and to offer a reference for formulating precise reproductive health policies. Design: fertilization (IVF) from 2020 to 2023. Dietary intake was assessed using a Food Frequency Questionnaire, and 21 trace elements were measured. Multiple linear regression and factor analysis were used to evaluate associations. Setting: Hefei City, Anhui Province, China. Participants: A total of 1,066 couples undergoing IVF treatment. Results: fertilization (IVF). Results showed that red meat consumption was inversely associated with Thallium (Tl) but positively correlated with Tin (Sn) and Cerium (Ce). Moderate intake of animal offal and processed meats showed significant associations with Aluminum (Al). Moderate sugar-sweetened beverage consumption was inversely linked to Tl levels. Furthermore, the moderate consumption of pickled and fried foods, as well as coffee, exhibited positive correlations with the trace elements Al and Manganese (Mn). Notably, as tea consumption increased, levels of Cobalt (Co), Gallium (Ga), and Strontium (Sr) also exhibited a significant rise. Even after False Discovery Rate (FDR) correction, the positive associations between Al levels and the moderate consumption of animal offal, pickled/fried foods, and coffee remained robust. Additionally, whole grain intake demonstrated a significant positive association with Sn, while tea consumption remained positively correlated with Rubidium (Rb). Conclusion: Our study emphasizes the significant impact of dietary intake on trace metal exposure in infertile couples. These insights can guide future research and help couples optimize trace elements through dietary modifications.