Mortality trends of malignant neoplasm of kidney among 5–85+ year-olds in the United States: a retrospective analysis

Background: This study aimed to investigate mortality trends associated with malignant neoplasm of the kidney in the United States over a 25-year period (1999-2023) and explore variations across age, sex, race/ethnicity, geographic region, and urbanization level. Methods: Population-level mortality data were extracted from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) database. Malignant neoplasm of the kidney was identified using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) code C64. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 population were calculated with direct standardization to the 2000 United States standard population. Joinpoint regression was applied to estimate annual percentage changes (APCs) and average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to characterize temporal trends. Results: A total of 10,912 deaths in 1999 and 14,549 deaths in 2023 were attributed to malignant neoplasm of the kidney, representing a 33.33% increase. The overall AAMR decreased significantly from 4.29 per 100,000 (95% CI: 4.21-4.37) in 1999 to 3.61 per 100,000 (95% CI: 3.55-3.67) in 2023, with an AAPC of -0.76 (95% CI: -1.10 to -0.41, P