Case Report: Urachal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor with bladder invasion

Background: Urachal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm characterized by non-specific clinical and imaging features, which renders it susceptible to clinical misdiagnosis. Complete surgical resection is the preferred treatment method. Case presentation: We herein report a case of urachal IMT in a 12-year-old male child who presented with dysuria for 4 days and abnormal urine color for 2 days. Preoperative ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) both suggested an infected urachal cyst. Laparoscopic resection of the urachal mass was initially performed; however, intraoperative exploration identified bladder invasion by the mass, prompting an additional partial cystectomy. Postoperative histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of urachal IMT with bladder invasion. No adjuvant therapy was administered postoperatively, and the patient remained free of recurrence and metastasis during a 6-month follow-up period. Conclusion: In the differential diagnosis of pediatric urachal lesions, IMT should be considered, especially when adjacent tissue invasion is present. Enhanced understanding of urachal IMT can assist clinicians in the early recognition and precise management of this tumor.