Targeting Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling pathway: an updated review demonstrating the therapeutic potential of key plant derived anticancer compounds

A signaling mechanism that has persisted through evolution, the Hippo pathway is involved in the development and progression of many different types of cancer. Specifically, the complex comprising YAP, TAZ and TEAD is a crucial component of the Hippo signaling, which governs cell growth and stem cell activity. The upregulation of YAP/TAZ/TEAD complex has been demonstrated to result in cellular proliferation, transformation, and ultimately, carcinogenesis. Consequently, it has been shown that Hippo signaling is a prospective target for cancer treatment and prevention. Numerous natural compounds have been identified as inhibitors of the Hippo signaling pathway that downregulate YAP and TAZ in various ways. In several cancer models, plant-derived natural compound inhibitors have been shown to function as both preventative and therapeutic agents. This study examined the modulatory effects of extensively investigated antitumor natural products on the Hippo signaling system and highlights new advancements in Hippo signaling inhibitors that enhance the efficacy of standard cancer therapies. This article offers extensive insight into plant derived anticancer compounds mainly apigenin, curcumin, EGCG, resveratrol, homoharringtonine, and ursolic acid of the Hippo pathway, specifically YAP/TAZ, in several cancer therapies. This will enhance the discovery of novel Hippo inhibitors and the optimal therapeutic application of Hippo signaling-related pharmaceuticals in synergistic cancer therapies.