The spatiotemporal dynamic evolution of post-stroke neuroinflammation: energy metabolism mechanisms of acute response and chronic progression

Ischemia stroke is a highly disabling and fatal disease in China. Neuroinflammation is the predominant pathological change in ischemic stroke. Various immune cells such as microglia and T cells are involved in the process of brain tissue damage during ischemic stroke; they play different roles during the acute and chronic phases, the disruption of which may directly affect the functional prognosis of stroke in animals and humans. Therefore, a deep understanding regarding the bidirectional regulatory mechanisms of neuroinflammation is essential for developing novel therapeutic strategies. In this review, we aim to introduce the recent research progress on neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke, while elucidating the energy metabolism changed induced immunity cells activation in ischemic stroke including glycolysis, lactic acid and succinate. We also review the RNA modification on energy metabolism changed. The information in this review provides valuable insights for further transitional research on stroke.