Limited scientific coherence between global mental health research and indicators of science, health, mental health, and society: a longitudinal analysis across world regions

Introduction Global mental health is a growing priority in health and development agendas. However, there is limited evidence on whether scientific research in mental health aligns with the health, societal, and developmental needs of different regions. The aim of this study was to analyze the associations between global mental health research and key indicators in science, health, mental health, and society across world regions. Methods It was conducted a longitudinal analysis of 386,671 peer-reviewed publications on mental health (1886–2024) using data from five databases. We linked annual publication counts with 60 indicators across four domains (Economy, Development and Education; Global Health; Inequality and Poverty; and Governance and Rights). Associations were evaluated using linear regression models and standardized β ₁ coefficients, stratified by World Health Organization regions. Results Significant regional differences were observed in both publication volume and coherence with contextual indicators. Africa and South-East Asia, despite lower publication rates (75% of publications, showed weaker or non-significant associations with mental health burden indicators such as disability-adjusted life years and suicide mortality. Discussion There is evidence of both alignment and misalignment between global mental health research and global needs. Scientific output does not consistently correspond to indicators of mental health burden or systemic needs.