Swearing enhances manual dexterity

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Authors: Nicholas B. Washmuth, Dominic Bromley, Kieran Bromley, Christopher Garrett Ballmann, Sophia L. Porrill, Richard J. Stephens
Cited by: 1
References: 32

Abstract

Swearing, or the use of taboo language, has been linked to increased psychological flow, self-confidence, and state disinhibition, raising the possibility that it may function as a psychological warm-up to enhance fine motor skills. This study investigated whether repeating a swear word, compared to a neutral word, improves manual dexterity. Two randomized, repeated-measures experiments were conducted. Experiment #1 ( n = 61) assessed manual dexterity using the Minnesota Manual Dexterity Test (MMDT) and state disinhibition via the Stop-Signal Reaction Test (SSRT). Experiment #2 ( n = 42) used the Nine-Hole Peg Test (9-HPT) and examined the moderating role of daily swearing frequency. In both experiments, participants repeated a self-selected swear or neutral word for 15 s before performing the dexterity task. Swearing significantly improved performance on both the MMDT ( p < 0.001, η 2 p = 0.268) and the 9-HPT ( p = 0.036, η 2 p = 0.105). However, no differences in state disinhibition were observed between conditions, and daily swearing frequency did not moderate the effects. These findings suggest swearing enhances manual dexterity, but mediating and moderating factors remains unclear.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Swearing Euphemism Multilingualism Language Metaphor and Cognition Humor Studies and Applications

Publication details

Journal / source
Frontiers in Psychology
Publisher
Frontiers Media SA
Volume
16
Pages
1676618–1676618
Publication date
7 January 2026
Language
EN