Perceived parental autonomy support and moral behavior in youth athletes: applying the trans-contextual model

Introduction: This study empirically examined the role of perceived parental autonomy support in promoting moral behavior among student-athletes through the Trans-Contextual Model (TCM). Methods: Using data from 355 Korean high school athletes across 16 sports, we investigated the effects of autonomy support on autonomous and controlled motivations in everyday and sport contexts, and their subsequent influence on moral attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and prosocial and antisocial behaviors. Results: Structural equation modeling revealed that parental autonomy support positively influenced both autonomous and controlled motivations in daily life, which then transferred to sport contexts. Autonomous motivation significantly predicted moral beliefs and intentions, leading to increased prosocial and decreased antisocial behaviors. Interestingly, controlled motivations also positively impacted subjective norms, suggesting complex motivational processes underlying moral conduct. Conclusion: These findings extend previous research by integrating Self-Determination Theory and the Theory of Planned Behavior, highlighting the importance of motivational quality and contextual transfer in shaping athletes' moral actions. Practical implications for coaching, parental education, and athlete development programs are discussed, along with directions for future longitudinal and cross-cultural research.