Managing health in dual diagnosis: narratives from individuals with schizophrenia and diabetes

Introduction Schizophrenia, often accompanied by cognitive impairments, increases the risk of diabetes, complicating self-care and overall health management. Exploring the lived experiences of individuals who face both mental and physical illness—and, in many cases, pronounced cognitive or functional challenges—is critical for developing more effective and integrated care strategies. Aim This study examined the daily lives of individuals living with schizophrenia and diabetes, focusing on their health-related experiences and interactions with healthcare services. Methods Twenty-two participants diagnosed with schizophrenia and type 1 or type 2 diabetes, including individuals with significant cognitive and functional impairments, were interviewed in a qualitative study. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis grounded in descriptive phenomenology. Results Three themes captured participants’ experiences: (1) Perceptions of health shaped by personal narratives , including the role of insight, autonomy, and meaning; (2) Struggles with navigating health in daily life , as participants balanced medication effects, symptoms, and practical constraints while attempting recommended routines; and (3) Need for formal support in managing health , with valued help often being concrete, everyday assistance alongside respectful, encouraging relationships with providers. Conclusion These findings highlight the importance of holistic, coordinated care that integrates mental and physical health, addresses practical barriers, and fosters self-understanding. By including participants with cognitive impairments, this study adds new insight into how such challenges influence daily health management and the types of support needed to sustain engagement in care.