Current status of antimicrobial resistance in Indian healthcare system: combating antimicrobial resistance with precision medicine

This review provides a unique perspective by integrating antimicrobial resistance (AMR) data from Indian healthcare, with a particular emphasis on outpatient settings that are often overlooked in existing literature. Unlike previous reviews that primarily focus on hospital-acquired infections, this article explores the community dimension of AMR and its implications for public health. Furthermore, it introduces an innovative framework linking AMR mitigation strategies with precision medicine approaches, including pharmacogenomics, metabolomics, proteomics, and transcriptomics. By combining multi-omics insights with national surveillance data and stewardship initiatives, this review highlights the translational potential of personalized antimicrobial therapy tailored to the Indian healthcare ecosystem. This integrated perspective offers a novel direction for AMR research and policy, bridging the gap between genomic science and clinical application in resource-limited settings.