Clinical application of the femoral neck system in the treatment of femoral neck fractures

Objective The research was conducted to assess the therapeutic efficacy of the femoral neck system (FNS) and cannulated compression screw (CCS) in treating femoral neck fractures classified as Pauwels type II and III in young to middle-aged patients. Methods This retrospective cohort study included 46 patients treated at Yanbian University Affiliated Hospital between January 2021 and March 2023. Patients were allocated into two groups: FNS ( n = 24) and CCS ( n = 22). Clinical indicators, including bone healing duration, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Harris Hip Score (HHS), and postoperative complications, were compared. Results Satisfactory fracture reduction was consistently accomplished in all individuals, with observation continuing over 9 to 24 months. Baseline characteristics were comparable across both groups. The FNS group showed a significantly shorter healing time (4.00 ± 1.00 vs. 4.79 ± 1.39 months, P < 0.05), and higher HHS at 3 and 6 months following surgery ( P < 0.05). VAS scores and 1-month HHS showed no significant differences between groups. Femoral neck shortening (4.2% vs. 27.3%, P = 0.043) and hardware failure (4.2% vs. 31.8%, P = 0.020) were significantly less frequent in the FNS group, while rates of femoral head necrosis (4.2% vs. 9.1%) and nonunion (12.5% vs. 13.6%) were comparable. Conclusion FNS promotes faster fracture recovery, reduces fixation-related complications, and improves early hip function, making it a reliable and efficient option for surgical stabilization of femoral neck fractures in young and middle-aged populations.