Editorial: Innovative nutritional technologies for sustainable ruminant farming

Ruminant livestock systems play a pivotal role in global food security by providing high-quality animal 21 protein and contributing to agroecosystem stability. However, increasing demand for animal-derived products, 22 coupled with climate change pressures and resource constraints, poses significant challenges to the sustainability of 23 ruminant farming. In this context, nutritional strategies have emerged as one of the most effective and immediately 24 applicable tools to improve production efficiency, enhance animal health, and mitigate environmental impacts. Collectively, these studies underscore the promise of plant-derived additives in aligning animal productivity with 37 environmentally responsible feeding practices.