Oral Mucosal Responses to Titanium and Composite Resin: An Immunohistochemical Study

Aims: The current study aimed to evaluate the healing process of the oral mucosa over a submucosal contact with Titanium and Composite resin. Materials and Methods: 24 male New Zealand rabbits were subjected to this study. 12 received a titanium particle in the submucosal tissue, and the other 12 received a composite resin particle. using histological examination of the collected samples. the measuring parameters were the inflammatory cells infiltration, granulation tissue formation, reepithelization and two immunohistochemical tests using cluster of differentiation 31 and matrix metalloproteinase 3 expression in the collected samples to Determine the best material that permits for mucosal healing in contact with the examined two materials and assuring any complications that may arise during the healing of the mucosal soft tissue that is in contact with the mentioned materials. Results: the results parameters showed similar results with a slight advantage to the titanium material. No significance was noted in the three and seven-day results, while 14-day results show statistical significance favoring Titanium in the parameters of granulation tissue formation, reepithelization, and matrix metalloproteinase 3 expression. Conclusion: Titanium shows superior soft tissue healing to the composite resin. But the clear difference will start after 2 weeks