A Hybrid Deep Learning Architecture for Intrusion Detection Deploying Multi-Scale Feature Interaction and Temporal Modeling

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Authors: Eva Jakubcová, Maroš Jakubec, Peter Pocta
Cited by: 2
References: 57

Abstract

Network intrusion detection is a core component of modern cybersecurity, but it remains challenging due to highly imbalanced traffic, heterogeneous feature types, and a presence of short-term temporal dependencies in network flows. Traditional machine learning models often rely on handcrafted features and struggle with complex attack patterns, while deep learning approaches may become overly complex or difficult to interpret. In this paper, we propose a neural intrusion detection method that combines structured feature preprocessing with a compact hybrid architecture. Numerical and categorical traffic features are processed separately using robust normalisation and trainable embeddings, and then merged into an unified representation. The proposed model builds on a multi-scale feature interaction block, followed by channel-wise attention and a single bidirectional gated recurrent unit layer with attention pooling to capture short-term temporal behavior. The method is evaluated on two widely used benchmark datasets, i.e., the CIC-IDS2017 and CSE-CIC-IDS2018 dataset. Experimental results show that the proposed approach consistently outperforms the classical machine learning baselines and achieves competitive or superior performance compared to the recent deep learning methods proposed in the literature. The results confirm that the proposed architectural choices effectively capture both feature interactions and temporal patterns in network traffic.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Network Security and Intrusion Detection Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting Advanced Malware Detection Techniques

Publication details

Journal / source
AI
Publisher
MDPI AG
Volume
7
Issue
3
Pages
87–87
Publication date
2 March 2026
Language
EN