Interfascial Plane Blocks for Perioperative Analgesia in Dogs Undergoing Laparoscopic Ovariectomy: A Retrospective Study (2020–2025)

This retrospective study compared three ultrasound-guided locoregional techniques-transversus abdominis plane (TAP), quadratus lumborum (QL), and caudal thoracic paravertebral (C-TPV) blocks-in dogs undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy. Ninety-eight dogs were included. The primary outcome was intraoperative rescue opioid requirement, while secondary outcomes included block execution time, postoperative analgesic requirements, intraoperative hypotension, and block-related complications. QL showed the shortest block execution time, followed by C-TPV and TAP. Intraoperative fentanyl requirements differed significantly among groups, with the highest requirements observed in the TAP group, intermediate values in the QL group, and the lowest in the C-TPV group. Postoperative methadone requirements were minimal across groups, with a statistically significant difference observed only between C-TPV and TAP. Rates of intraoperative hypotension and block-related complications were low and comparable among techniques. In this retrospective cohort, C-TPV was associated with lower intraoperative opioid requirements, whereas QL showed the shortest execution time. Postoperative differences were minimal and of uncertain clinical relevance. Prospective controlled studies are warranted to confirm these findings.