Awning Design and Performance Considerations Under Winter Storms in Zero Ground Snow Load Zones

The outcomes of the Winter Storm URI in Houston (February 2021) and its impact on awnings highlighted how climate change has altered the load combinations considered in design codes such as ASCE 7-16, introducing new uncertainties due to freezing storm events. Previously unused load categories are now presenting significant challenges, as designers assumed sufficient safety factors would prevent failures. This research investigates the consequences of the storm and offers guidelines for conservative awning design in zero ground snow load zones, emphasizing wind load as the primary design load in regions with no active snow zone. Additionally, an attempt has been made in this research to examine the importance of anchor reliability in concrete structures, particularly under environmental stress such as winter storms. Factors like improper installation, edge distance, and embedment depth significantly affect anchor performance, potentially leading to premature failure modes like concrete breakout, pullout, or rusting from water accumulation. Through field investigations and theoretical analyses, the research evaluates the axial load capacity of anchors, taking into account edge distance, embedment depth, and environmental factors like ice accumulation. The study stresses the need for proper anchor geometry, drainage, and reinforcement to ensure structural safety. By following the proposed recommendations, engineers can mitigate adverse effects and enhance the durability and safety of concrete structures, even under extreme weather conditions.