Critical Factors in the Implementation of Lean Construction: A Literature Review 2015–2025

The adoption of Lean Construction has become established as an effective strategy for improving efficiency and reducing waste in construction projects; however, its implementation faces numerous challenges. The objective of this study is to analyze, through a systematic literature review, the critical factors that influence the implementation of Lean Construction, based on the analysis of 52 articles published between 2015 and 2025. The search was conducted in the Scopus database, and the selection of studies followed the PRISMA methodology. The results are organized into six key aspects that influence the execution of construction projects, grouped into three main categories: human, which includes managerial (42.3%) and educational (21.2%) factors; technical, which encompasses technological (23.1%) and safety (5.8%) factors; and management-related factors, comprised of financial (1.9%) and logistical (5.8%) factors. The evidence shows a greater relevance of human-related factors, followed by associated technical factors and, to a lesser extent, management-related factors. Taken together, these results highlight the need to address these factors through integrated strategies, training programs, and committed leadership to achieve a successful and sustainable implementation of Lean Construction.