Mechanical and Candida albicans Response of Bombyx mori Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles Incorporated into Self-Curing Poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA)

This study evaluated the effects of incorporating silk fibroin nanoparticles into self-curing polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) on the mechanical and Candida albicans responses of provisional dental prostheses. Rectangular specimens (64 × 10 × 3 mm) were fabricated and assigned to three groups (n = 10): G1 (control), PMMA without reinforcement; G2, PMMA with 0.5% silk nanoparticles; and G3, PMMA with 1% silk nanoparticleScheme4. 4 × 6 mm) were prepared. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to assess nanoparticle incorporation within the polymer matrix. No significant differences were observed in surface roughness (G1 = 0.4118 ± 0.100; G2 = 0.3245 ± 0.072; G3 = 0.3269 ± 0.076) or microhardness (G1 = 12.21 ± 0.351; G2 = 12.72 ± 0.213; G3 = 12.53 ± 0.177). Flexural strength differed significantly among the groups (p = 0.009), with higher values in nanoparticle-reinforced specimens (G1 = 79.142 ± 3.202; G2 = 87.089 ± 2.756; G3 = 92.412 ± 1.963). None of the tested concentrations exhibited antifungal activity against C. albicans. In conclusion, the incorporation of silk fibroin nanoparticles enhanced the flexural strength of self-curing PMMA without adversely affecting surface roughness or microhardness, although no antifungal effect was detected at the evaluated concentrations.