Coordinated Parameter Tuning for Grid-Forming Wind Turbine with Energy Storage Under Grid Voltage and Frequency Faults

The grid-forming (GFM) wind turbine with energy storage is regarded as a promising solution for the integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) into power systems. However, the system faces the risk of instability during large grid disturbances, such as grid voltage sags and frequency variations. To address this issue, this paper proposes a coordinated control method to enhance the transient stability of GFM wind turbines with energy storage. First, a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based wind turbine employing grid-forming control and integrated with an energy storage system is introduced. Then, transient stability cases are identified based on the equal area criterion (EAC) within the virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control framework. On this basis, a low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) method is developed by coordinately adjusting inertia, damping, and active power reference according to fault severity, thereby ensuring system stability under low-voltage grid fault. Furthermore, a frequency fluctuation mitigation (FFM) is proposed to suppress power oscillations under frequency disturbances. The coordinated LVRT and FFM methods enable effective stabilization of the system under grid voltage and frequency faults. Finally, simulation results validate the theoretical analysis and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.