Magnetic Levitation Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Vibration Monitoring of Hydroelectric Units

Abstract This paper proposes a self-powered, low-amplitude, high-precision vibration monitoring device with low amplitude, which is used to solve the problems of power supply dependence and poor monitoring effect of small vibrations in the vibration monitoring of traditional hydroelectric units. The device adopts a magnetic levitation structure, with friction layers attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the levitating magnetic poles. Even during minute vibrations, the mutually repulsive magnetic force helps increase the relative motion between the friction layers, generating a large vibration voltage and achieving the function of low-amplitude monitoring. Meanwhile, a magnetic field coil is placed outside the suspended magnetic pole. When vibration occurs, the up-and-down floating of the levitating magnetic poles cuts the magnetic induction coil, generating an induced current and providing stable power support for wireless signal transmission. Experiments show that this device can monitor amplitudes as low as 0.1 mm, and output a peak power of 9 mW (1000 Ω load) at an amplitude of 1 mm and the power density reaches 1.479 W/m², which can stably supply power to the system. This design provides a new idea for the vibration monitoring of hydroelectric generating units.