Power Quality Improvement Strategy Based on Grid-Forming Control and Consensus Algorithm

With the integration of high-penetration distributed renewable energy sources and grid-forming inverters, AC microgrids face significant challenges in maintaining autonomous voltage and frequency stability. While traditional droop control can achieve autonomous power allocation, it introduces inherent steady-state deviations when load change. To address this, this paper proposes a distributed secondary control strategy for AC microgrids based on a consensus algorithm, aiming to achieve high-precision coordinated correction of voltage and frequency and improve power quality. In the proposed strategy, each grid-forming inverter autonomously generates dynamic secondary compensation signals based solely on local measurements and limited information exchange with neighboring nodes, eliminating the need for a central controller and enhancing robustness, scalability, and fault tolerance. Stability is proven via Lyapunov function construction. Simulation results show that the strategy effectively eliminates steady-state errors, with frequency deviations within ±0.01 Hz and voltage deviations below 0.5% of the rated value. Rapid and precise regulation is achieved under various load disturbances and network conditions, validating its effectiveness and application potential.