Deep Learning-Based Time-Frequency Attention Network Model for Water-Body Segmentation

Satellite imagery is increasingly being scrutinized through deep learning methodologies for remote sensing applications, particularly focusing on the detection of water bodies.Identification and analysis of rivers, lakes, and reservoirs through segmentation have become feasible, enabling the exploration of their statistical information.During crises such as floods and changes in river pathways, real-time detection of water bodies via remote sensing proves to be highly advantageous.Nevertheless, achieving precise segmentation of water bodies presents a notable challenge, mainly due to the necessity of high-resolution multi-channel satellite images.Existing literature predominantly relies on satellite data from multi-band satellites for water-body extraction.Conversely, the current research emphasizes the segmentation of water-body regions using relatively lower-resolution RGB images without the incorporation of extra multi-spectral channels.To tackle this challenge, a unique methodology is suggested, involving a customized U-Net model integrated with a time-frequency attention network for segmentation.To assess the comprehensive performance of the proposed model, it is evaluated against a publicly available Sentinel-2 satellite dataset, and the outcomes are compared against standard benchmark metrics.The proposed TFA-U-Net model demonstrates superior performance compared to several recent state-of-the-art water-body segmentation models.Experimental results show that the proposed model achieves a precision of 0.94, sensitivity of 0.96, Dice score of 0.93, accuracy of 0.97, and mean IoU of 0.85, indicating its effectiveness for accurate water-body segmentation using low-resolution satellite images.