A Retrospective Analysis of Blood Component Utilization and Transfusion-Related Factors in a Diverse Patient Population

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This retrospective observational study aimed to analyze blood component utilization patterns and investigate associations between patient demographics, clinical parameters, and transfusion requirements at a major tertiary care center. METHODS: The study analyzed data from 2867 patients at King Saud Medical City, Riyadh. Utilization patterns and correlations were assessed for packed red blood cells (PRBCs), fresh frozen plasma (FFP), platelets, and cryoprecipitate. RESULTS: Significant correlations were found between age, hemoglobin levels, platelet counts, ferritin levels, and transfusion of specific components. Elderly patients received more PRBCs, FFP, and platelets, while younger patients received more cryoprecipitate. Hemoglobin < 7 g/dL was the most common trigger for PRBC transfusion. Platelet transfusions correlated strongly with thrombocytopenia, and elevated ferritin levels correlated with higher platelet transfusion volumes. Patients with hematologic malignancies, β-thalassemia, and sickle cell disease demonstrated distinct transfusion profiles. CONCLUSIONS: These findings underscore the importance of tailored, evidence-based transfusion strategies to optimize blood use and minimize risk.