Physical Activity as a Predictor of Emotional Quality of Life in Postmenopausal Women

Introduction: The postmenopausal period is characterized by significant biological and psychosocial changes that can impact women’s physical activity levels and overall quality of life. Physical activity is recognized as one of the key modifiable factors promoting mental health. Still, its role in shaping the emotional domains of quality of life in postmenopausal women remains insufficiently recognized. The study aimed to assess the relationship between physical activity levels and quality of life in postmenopausal women, with particular emphasis on the emotional domains of quality of life, and to determine the role of selected sociodemographic factors. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study included 174 postmenopausal women. Physical activity levels were assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), while quality of life was assessed using the WHOQOL questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Kruskal-Wallis tests with Dunn-Bonferroni post-hoc analysis, and multiple linear regression were used, taking into account age and BMI. Results: Higher levels of physical activity were significantly associated with better emotional well-being, higher energy levels, and a more favourable overall health assessment. Physical activity emerged as the strongest and independent variable statistically associated with the emotional domains of quality of life. Educational level and occupational group differentiated the level of physical activity and emotional well-being. Conclusions: Physical activity is an important and independent predictor of emotional quality of life in postmenopausal women. The results emphasize the importance of promoting physical activity as part of mental health prevention in this population.