DBFP-Net: Dynamic Graph and Bidirectional Temporal-Frequency Fusion Network for Wind Power Prediction with Physics Constraints

High-precision wind power prediction improves grid stability and reduces curtailment losses. Existing methods face three limitations: static graphs cannot capture dynamic spatial correlations under weather changes, time series models miss multi-scale temporal features, and frequency-domain analyses lack physical constraints. We propose: (1) a dynamic distance correlation weighted graph that adaptively combines geographic and power correlations for weather–terrain coupling; (2) a spatio-temporal-frequency fusion framework integrating graph networks, bidirectional GRUs, and a patchwise sparse time–frequency module; (3) a turbine power curve-constrained frequency mixer for physical consistency. On the SDWPF dataset, our model achieves MAE reductions of 37.47–43.32% and RMSE reductions of 37.93–42.70% versus baselines, outperforming state-of-the-art methods. The approach demonstrates superior performance in complex spatio-temporal scenarios.