Stage-Aware Reconstruction of Typhoon Inflow for Offshore Wind Turbines Using WRF and TurbSim

Accurate typhoon inflow characterization is essential for offshore wind turbine safety in typhoon-prone regions. This study presents a physics-informed WRF–TurbSim framework that reconstructs rotor-relevant, stage-aware inflow fields for Typhoon In-Fa (2021) by mapping mesoscale stability and turbulence diagnostics into a User-Defined von Kármán model. Spectral and coherence checks confirm consistency with the imposed constraints and show pronounced regime dependence: low-frequency coherence decay remains near IEC neutral behavior, whereas high-frequency decay weakens substantially during the stable eye stage. The results suggest that neutral coherence assumptions may be unreliable in strongly stable typhoon regimes, motivating stage-aware inflow characterization for engineering applications.