Zoonotic Sporotrichosis by Sporothrix brasiliensis in Chile: Evidence of Emerging Transmission Under a One Health Perspective

Sporotrichosis, the most common implantation mycosis worldwide, is caused by dimorphic fungi of several species of the genus Sporothrix. Sporothrix brasiliensis, the most virulent species, has emerged in Latin America as an epi-zoonotic pathogen linked to domestic cats, dogs and humans. This report describes a confirmed human case of lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis caused by S. brasiliensis in Chile, associated with feline exposure in a veterinarian. Diagnosis was supported by morphological and molecular analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and β-tubulin gene. The patient responded favorably to itraconazole therapy. This case highlights the growing relevance of S. brasiliensis in Chile and reinforces the need for integrated One Health surveillance strategies.