Correlation Between Microstructural Evolution and Magnetocaloric Response in Suction-Cast MnCoGeB0.02 Alloy

Magnetic and structural transitions can interact significantly, leading to an enhanced magnetocaloric effect (MCE), also known as the giant or colossal effect. In this study, we investigate how subtle microstructural changes impact the magnetocaloric behavior of a MnCoGeB0.02 alloy fabricated via suction casting. We obtained conical samples and analyzed them to understand their structure and magnetic properties. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed a coexistence of a metastable high-temperature hexagonal phase and a stable low-temperature orthorhombic phase in different regions of each cone. The presence and proportion of these phases determine the degree of magneto-structural coupling, which in turn influences the MCE. The magnetic entropy change (|ΔSPeak|) varied notably among the samples, ranging from 12.3 to 6 Jkg−1K−1 under a magnetic field change of Δµ0H = 5.0 T. These findings demonstrate that even minor microstructural changes caused by differences in solidification during suction casting can lead to noticeable variations in magnetocaloric performance. Understanding and controlling these microstructural details is vital for optimizing the functional behavior of MnCoGe-based materials.