Recent Advances in Titanium-Based Metal–Organic Frameworks: Structure, Property, and Application in Photocatalysis

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) possess ordered pore structure, high surface area, tunable composition and tailorable functionality, and thus present promising prospect in many applications. Among them, titanium-based MOFs (Ti-MOFs) composed of organic ligands and titanium–oxygen clusters exhibit great potential in photocatalysis, owing to their diverse topological configurations, outstanding photocatalytic activity, low toxicity, and easy production. The latest developments in Ti-MOFs, including the synthetic strategies, structural features, methods for enhancing catalytic performance, and typical applications, were reviewed in this paper. The application in CO2 reduction, hydrogen evolution, organic pollutant removal, and photocatalytic sensing were emphasized. Moreover, we present a distinctive perspective on the relationship between the structure and their applications of Ti-MOFs, and provide new information in the design and construction of advanced Ti-MOFs for high-efficiency photocatalytic conversion.