Dietary Determinants of Diabetes Prevalence: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Hungarian Population

Background/Objectives: Diabetes mellitus represents a major public health burden in Hungary and is associated with sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics. This study examined cross-sectional associations between habitual dietary intake and self-reported diabetes prevalence in a nationally representative Hungarian sample. Methods: Data from 5603 participants aged ≥15 years in the 2019 European Health Interview Survey (EHIS) were analyzed. Survey-weighted logistic regression models assessed associations between dietary variables and self-reported diabetes, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), education, income, employment, and physical activity. Dietary variables were energy-adjusted using the residual method. Results: Higher odds of diabetes were observed among individuals who reported obesity (OR: 2.70; 95% CI: 1.96–3.72), lower educational attainment (OR: 0.73 for high school vs.