From Traits to Clusters: Emotional–Sensory–Regulatory Eating Profiles in Generation Z with Implications in Sustainable Food Behavior

BACKGROUND: Building on our previous systematic review that synthesized eight core sustainable appetitive traits central to food behavior research, the present study extends this framework through an empirical investigation of Generation Z university students in Greece. We have established the conceptual foundation by mapping emotional, sensory, and behavioral regulation drivers of eating behavior, underscoring their relevance for nutrition and sustainability. However, empirical applications of this multidimensional framework to Generation Z remained scarce. OBJECTIVES: This study addresses this gap by examining eating behaviors among approximately 800 students at the University of Ioannina using a validated post-pandemic questionnaire. METHODS & RESULTS: Results revealed heterogeneity across six domains, with consensus observed only in sensory-driven eating (M = 3.88) and openness to new foods (M = 4.00). Cluster analysis identified two distinct profiles: Exploratory and Hedonic Responders and Emotionally Regulated and Satiety-Oriented Responders. These clusters delineate a novel profile of Generation Z, portraying them as digitally immersed, sustainability-oriented, and emotionally sensitive, yet divided between impulsive exploration and regulated satiety. CONCLUSIONS: The study contributes new empirical insights into post-pandemic food behavior. It establishes a comprehensive evidence base for designing culturally sensitive wellness programs and targeted nutritional interventions that support sustainable dietary practices. The continuity between the two papers underscores both theoretical importance and the practical necessity of integrating emotional, sensory, and regulatory dimensions in advancing sustainable eating futures among young adults.