Magnetodynamic Characteristics of QGP Energy Dissipation in RMHD Framework with Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

Relativistic heavy-ion collisions generate ultra-strong magnetic fields that interact with the quark–gluon plasma (QGP), a key focus of high-energy physics research. This study investigates QGP energy density evolution under time-dependent magnetic fields within a (1 + 1)D relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (RMHD) framework integrated with Bjorken flow. Three magnetic field temporal evolution models (Type-1, Type-2, Type-3) are analyzed for two different equations of state: (1) p=cs2e (simplified ultra-relativistic), and (2) p=cs2e−2MB (magnetized conformal), incorporating a temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility derived from lattice QCD. Results show that stronger magnetic fields consistently suppress QGP energy density decay, with suppression magnitude dependent on the magnetic field’s temporal profile. Ultra-relativistic fluids exhibit slowed energy decay due to magnetic pressure counteracting hydrodynamic expansion. In contrast, magnetized conformal fluids display faster energy dissipation under identical conditions, arising from the synergistic effect of enhanced magnetic fluid coupling, increased energy dissipation during interaction, and QGP’s perfect fluid expansion at elevated temperatures. Temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility reveals a transition from diamagnetic (confined phase) to paramagnetic (deconfined QGP phase) behavior, introducing a feedback mechanism that strengthens energy retention at higher temperatures. This work clarifies the interplay between magnetic field dynamics, QCD phase structure, and hydrodynamic expansion, providing key observational signatures for distinguishing fluid types in heavy-ion collisions and advancing realistic modeling of magnetized QGP.