Rotation Direction-Driven Multi-Parameter Optimization of Coal Loading Performance for Thin Seam Shearer Drums Based on DEM Simulation

To address the low loading rate of shearer drums in thin coal seams under restricted coal-flow space, this study proposes a rotation direction-driven multi-parameter optimization framework based on discrete element method (DEM) simulation. A DEM coal wall model is established to characterize the interaction and transport behavior of coal particles during the cutting process, and a systematic parametric analysis considering drum rotation direction, helix angle, cutting depth, rotational speed, and traction speed is conducted through coupled simulations. The results indicate that rotation direction, helix angle, and traction speed significantly affect coal loading performance, whereas cutting depth and rotational speed have a relatively minor influence. Based on these findings, an optimal parameter combination is identified, where inward rotation with a 20° helix angle and a traction speed of 7 m/min achieves a loading rate of 73.6%. Field application results demonstrate that the proposed method improves coal throwing performance, reduces coal accumulation beneath the ranging arm, and enhances coal flow stability, providing a practical optimization approach for shearer drum performance in thin coal seams and supporting efficient and intelligent coal mining.