Empowering IoV Security: A Novel Secure Cryptographic Algorithm (OpCKEE) for Network Protection in Connected Vehicles

According to Fortune Business Insights, the market share of the Internet of Vehicless is expected to grow from USD 95.62 billion in 2021 to USD 369.61 billion in 2028, at a compound annual growth rate of 21.4%. However, the Internet of Vehicles system still faces several challenges, including regulation, scalability, data management, connectivity, interoperability, privacy, and security. To improve communication security within the Internet of Vehicle system, we have implemented a secure cryptographic algorithm called Optimized Certificateless Key-Encapsulated Encryption, resulting from a fusion of the key-insulated cryptosystem and the cryptographic key-encapsulated mechanism. The formal security analysis of our algorithm using the AVISPA version 1.1 software shows us that our protocol is safe. Informal analysis shows that our algorithm ensures authenticity, confidentiality, integrity, and non-repudiation and resists several other attacks. Our algorithm's computational and communicational costs are slightly better than those at which it inherits the functionalities.