A Real-Time Digital Twin Synchronization Framework for Multi-Sensor Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Measurement

This study proposes a digital twin-based CPR compression measurement system (DTCMS) architecture for real-time monitoring of CPR compression. The system combines a load cell, an inertial measurement unit (IMU), a LabVIEW acquisition platform, and a CNN module to capture multi-modal motion characteristics during CPR repetitive compression training. A calibration-aware sensor fusion framework synchronizes heterogeneous signals, reduces drift, and enhances robustness under high-frequency operation. Real-time data acquisition, latency-controlled transmission, and digital twin visualization enable synchronized physical–virtual interaction. Experimental results demonstrate high accuracy (R2 > 0.99), stable repeatability (coefficient of variation: CV < 3.5%), and reliable dynamic tracking. The compression depth error was maintained within ±1.5 mm, and synchronization latency remained below 0.2 s. Results confirm the proposed DTCMS architecture as a robust solution for real-time biomechanical monitoring and digital twin-based interactive systems. Compared with conventional single-sensor CPR monitoring systems, the proposed framework improves synchronization stability and sensing robustness through calibration-aware multi-sensor fusion.