Gas Leakage and Hazard Area Division in a Converter Fan Room: Based on the Actual Leakage Site

Converter gas is highly susceptible to leakage during the recovery and utilization process, which threatens personnel security and sustainable industrial development. To address this issue, a numerical model was established based on an actual converter fan room, and the accuracy of the simulation was verified through comparison with actual measurement data. In this study, the gas leakage flow field, diffusion trajectories, and hazard zone gradations were analyzed. Results showed that the gas contamination was significantly influenced by the leakage direction, leakage location, and structural boundary. The jet dominated the gas dispersion near the leakage source, with similar initial diffusion characteristics across different scenarios. Then, the diffusion velocity decayed rapidly within a distance of 0.6 m. Obstacles can significantly promote vortex formation, restrict the gas dispersion path, and reduce the extent of the hazardous area. In addition, it can be found that the far-field velocity under downward leakage was the highest, presenting the greatest risk of poisoning. At a height of 1.6 m, a lethal zone with a radius of 0.8 m was formed directly beneath the leakage hole. This work can guide the optimization of the monitoring program and emergency planning for converter gas leakage accidents.