Safety Evaluation of Lab-Made Clinoptilolite: 90-Day Repeated Dose Toxicity Study in Sprague Dawley Rats and a Battery of In Vitro and In Vivo Genotoxicity Tests

Read full text
Authors: Polina Smith, Samit B. Kadam, Channaveerayya Mathada, Lauren Y. Park, Dylan Fronda, Moustafa Kardjadj
Cited by: 1
References: 13

Abstract

Clinoptilolite is a zeolite with a microporous structure that enables ion exchange, molecular sieving, and adsorption, conferring detoxifying, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. These properties have applications in food, medicine, catalysis, and environmental remediation. This study evaluated the safety of the lab-made Clinoptilolite as a potential food ingredient through a 90-day repeated-dose toxicity study in male and female Sprague Dawley rats. The test substance was administered via oral gavage at doses of 0, 5, 10, and 15 mg/kg bw/day, followed by a 28-day recovery period. In addition, genotoxicity was assessed using the Ames test, in vitro chromosomal aberration assay, and an in vivo micronucleus test. All studies were conducted in accordance with OECD and FDA guidelines. Results showed no adverse systemic, genotoxic, or irreversible effects at any dose, with minor clinical variations being incidental and reversible. Genotoxicity tests confirmed no mutagenic or clastogenic potential. Overall, the lab-made Clinoptilolite evaluated in this investigation was well tolerated, non-toxic, and showed no evidence of treatment-related toxicity at the doses tested. These findings provide supportive evidence for its consideration toward a Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) determination.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment Phytochemical Studies and Bioactivities Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities

Publication details

Journal / source
Toxics
Publisher
MDPI AG
Volume
14
Issue
2
Pages
122–122
Publication date
28 January 2026
Language
EN