Evaluation of Pediatric Patients Diagnosed with Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Single-Center Experience

Objective: We aimed to describe the clinical features and treatment outcomes of pediatric patients with leishmaniasis. Methods: This retrospective study included pediatric patients (>1 month–18 years) diagnosed with leishmaniasis at Şanlıurfa Training and Research Hospital between January 2022 and January 2024, identified from electronic medical records. Results: Among patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis, fifty pediatric patients were evaluated. Plaques (n = 34, 68%) and ulcerative lesions (n = 8, 16%) were the most common lesion types, with the face and neck being the most frequently affected sites (n = 34, 68%). The number of previously used antibiotics was statistically significantly higher in the multiple-lesion group compared to the single-lesion group (p = 0.022). Conclusions: Clinicians should consider cutaneous leishmaniasis in children with plaque or ulcerative skin lesions and a history of travel to an endemic area. Early detection and timely treatment can prevent long-term damage and cosmetic issues, leading to improved patient outcomes.